Fingerprint sensing assemblies and methods of making

ABSTRACT

A fingerprint sensing module includes a sensor substrate having a sensing side and a circuit side, an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the sensor substrate, and a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the circuit side of the sensor substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor. The sensor substrate may be a flexible substrate. The module may include a velocity sensor on the sensor substrate or on a separate substrate. The module may further include a rigid substrate, and the sensor substrate may be affixed to the rigid substrate.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/930,352 filed on Nov. 2, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/518,901 filed on Oct. 20, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,177,191), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/455,236 filed on Apr. 25, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,867,799), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/786,211 filed on May 24, 2010 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,224,044), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/243,100 filed on Oct. 4, 2005 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,751,601), which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/615,718 filed on Oct. 4, 2004, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

This invention relates to electronic fingerprint image sensing systems and methods and, more particularly, to packaging configurations and methods which provide highly reliable, low cost fingerprint sensors.

Background of the Invention

Electronic fingerprint sensing has received increased attention as a technique for reliable identification of individuals. Electronic fingerprint sensing may be used in stationary equipment, such as security checkpoints, or in portable devices, such as mobile phones and other wireless devices, and smart cards. Accordingly, electronic fingerprint sensing systems are required to be compact, highly reliable and low in cost. A particularly advantageous fingerprint sensing system is disclosed in U.S. patent Publication No. US 2003/0035570-A1, published Feb. 20, 2003.

The disclosed fingerprint sensing system includes an image sensor, a velocity sensor and a sensor circuit. The image sensor includes a linear array of capacitive sensors for capacitive sensing of ridge peaks and ridge valleys of a fingerprint on a swiped finger. The velocity sensor senses the speed of the finger as it is swiped across the image sensor. The sensor circuit supplies drive signals to the image sensor and detects image signals in response to the drive signals. The sensor circuit also supplies drive signals to the velocity sensor and detects velocity signals in response to the drive signals. The sensor circuit coordinates the image signals and the velocity signals to provide signals representative of a fingerprint image.

In order to maximize the physical and electrical robustness of an electric field-based fingerprint sensor, the sensing elements must be ruggedized by constructing them of robust materials and mechanically decoupling the sensing elements from the delicate silicon-based circuitry that activates them. The fingerprint sensor should be low in cost and protected from the abrasive, percussive and electrostatic discharge effects caused by repeated human finger contact.

Accordingly, there is a need for packaging configurations and techniques which achieve these and other objectives.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Packaging configurations and techniques using flexible and rigid materials with the above-described fingerprint sensing technology are disclosed. The fingerprint sensors are low in cost and are physically isolated from the undesired effects of repeated human finger contact. The fingerprint sensors use electrostatic methods to detect ridge peaks and ridge valleys of a fingerprint. The solid state circuitry that performs excitation and detection functions is located physically on a separate substrate. The packaging configurations provide highly reliable, low cost fingerprint sensors.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a fingerprint sensing module comprises a sensor substrate having a sensing side and a circuit side, an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the sensor substrate, and a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the circuit side of the sensor substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor. The fingerprint sensing module may further comprise a velocity sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the sensor substrate. The sensor substrate may comprise a flexible film.

The fingerprint sensing module may further comprise a rigid substrate, wherein the circuit side of the sensor substrate is affixed to a first surface of the rigid substrate. Thus, the image sensor, the velocity sensor and the sensor circuit are physically isolated from contact with the human finger.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a fingerprint sensing module comprises a flexible substrate having a sensing side and a circuit side, an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the flexible substrate, a velocity sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the flexible substrate, a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the circuit side of the flexible substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor and the velocity sensor, and a rigid substrate. The circuit side of the flexible substrate is affixed to a surface of the rigid substrate. According to a third aspect of the invention, a fingerprint sensing module comprises a rigid substrate, an image sensor including conductive traces on the substrate, a velocity sensor including conductive traces on the substrate, and a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor and the velocity sensor. The image sensor, the velocity sensor and the sensor circuit are mounted on a first surface of the rigid substrate. The fingerprint sensing module may include a protective coating over the image sensor and the velocity sensor.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a method is provided for making a fingerprint sensing module. The method comprises providing a flexible substrate having a sensing side and a circuit side; forming an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the flexible substrate; forming a velocity sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the flexible substrate; mounting a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit on the circuit side of the flexible substrate; and affixing the circuit side of the flexible substrate to a surface of a rigid substrate.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a fingerprint sensing module comprises a first flexible substrate having an image sensor including conductive traces on the first flexible substrate and a sensor integrated circuit mounted on the first flexible substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor; a second flexible substrate having a velocity sensor including conductive traces on the second flexible substrate; and a base for mounting the first and second flexible substrates so that the conductive traces of the image sensor and the velocity sensor are substantially coplanar.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference and wherein like elements have the same reference numerals. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a fingerprint sensing module including a sensor subassembly and a rigid substrate in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the fingerprint sensing module shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates a second embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module that allows the sensing portion of the flexible substrate to be attached to another device;

FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module, wherein the flexible substrate is wrapped around a rigid substrate with surface-mounted components and interconnect;

FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module, wherein the flexible substrate is wrapped around a structural base that also anchors a rigid substrate with surface-mounted components and interconnect;

FIG. 5a is a cross section of the fingerprint sensing module of FIG. 5;

FIG. 6 illustrates a fifth embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module including an edge connector that is integral to the rigid substrate;

FIG. 6a is a cross section of the fingerprint sensing module of FIG. 6;

FIG. 7 illustrates a sixth embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module, including an integrated circuit attached directly to a single rigid substrate along with surface-mounted components and interconnect;

FIG. 8 illustrates a seventh embodiment of a fingerprint sensing module, including an image sensor and a velocity sensor on separate substrates; and

FIG. 8a is a cross section of the fingerprint sensing module of FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A fingerprint sensing module 20 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Fingerprint sensing module 20 includes a sensor subassembly 21 and a rigid substrate 5. Sensor subassembly 21 includes a flexible substrate 1 having a sensing side 1 a and a circuit side 1 b. Sensor subassembly 21 further includes an image sensor 7 and a velocity sensor 8 formed as conductive traces on the circuit side 1 b of flexible substrate 1. By way of example, flexible substrate 1 may be a flexible film sold under the trade name Kapton® having a thickness in a range of about 25 to 100 micrometers and preferably about 38 micrometers. Image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 may be configured as disclosed in U.S. Publication No. US 2003/0035570-A1, published Feb. 20, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Additional finger rate sensors are disclosed in U.S. Publication No. US 2005/0244038 A1, published Nov. 3, 2005, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Sensor subassembly 21 further includes at least one sensor integrated circuit 2 attached to the circuit side 1 b of flexible substrate 1. Sensor integrated circuit 2 is electrically connected to image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 and contains drive and sense electronics for fingerprint sensing as disclosed in the above-identified patent publication.

As disclosed in the above-identified patent publication, image sensor 7 may include a linear array of capacitive sensors for capacitive sensing of ridge peaks and ridge valleys of a fingerprint on a moving finger. The image sensor may include an image pickup plate disposed generally orthogonally to a direction of movement of the finger, and a plurality of image drive plates in spaced relation to the image pickup plate to define a plurality of sensor gaps between respective image drive plates and the image pickup plate. The ridge peaks and ridge valleys of the fingerprint passing over the sensor gaps produce a change in capacitance between respective image drive plates and the image pickup plate.

The velocity sensor 8 may include two or more finger detectors spaced apart along a direction of movement of the finger. Each of the finger detectors includes at least one drive plate and at least one pickup plate. An end of the finger passing over each of the finger detectors produces a change in capacitance between respective drive plates and pickup plates.

The conductive traces of the image sensor 7 and the velocity sensor 8 may be formed on flexible substrate 1 using known lithographic techniques. Interconnect pads 3 are also formed on flexible substrate 1 with the conductors of image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8. Interconnect pads 3 provide external connections to the circuitry on sensor subassembly 21. Additional details regarding image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 are disclosed in the above-identified patent publication.

It will be understood that the packaging configuration and techniques disclosed herein are not limited to use with the sensors described in the above-identified patent publication. Other fingerprint image sensors may be utilized, and in some embodiments, a velocity sensor may not be required.

The conductive traces of image sensor 7, velocity sensor 8 and interconnect pads 3 are etched or otherwise formed on flexible substrate 1. Then, the sensor integrated circuit 2 is flipped and mounted onto mating pads on flexible substrate 1. Sensor integrated circuit 2 may be flip chip bonded onto flexible substrate 1 by a known assembly process referred to as chip-on-film (COF). This standard COF process involves pre-bumping the die pads and then reflowing the bumps onto mating pads on flexible substrate 1. This attachment process connects the sensor integrated circuit 2 to image sensor 7, velocity sensor 8 and interconnect pads 3, thereby forming thin flexible sensor subassembly 21. Rigid substrate 5 is fabricated with interconnect pads 4 and a cutout 6 having larger dimensions than sensor integrated circuit 2 to allow flush mounting of sensor subassembly 21 to rigid substrate 5. Interconnect pads 3 of sensor subassembly 21 can be attached to interconnect pads 4 of rigid substrate 5 by standard techniques such as solder reflow or a conductive adhesive process such as Anisotropic Conductive Film (ACF). The sensor subassembly 21 can be attached to rigid substrate 5 using an adhesive 18. The adhesive can be a room temperature contact adhesive or a low temperature thermo-setting adhesive. The rigid substrate 5 can serve as a mounting platform for electrical components 9 not contained in the sensor integrated circuit 2. Components 9 can be attached to rigid substrate 5 using standard circuit board assembly techniques before attachment of sensor subassembly 21. One of components 9 may be a connector for connection of the fingerprint sensing module 20 to a host system.

A desirable feature of fingerprint sensing module 20 is that no direct contact occurs between the finger being imaged and the sensor integrated circuit 2 or sensors 7 and 8. These components are located on the opposite surface of flexible substrate 1 from the surface where the finger is swiped. The sensor integrated circuit 2 is not in the swiping path 13 of the finger when the module is mounted in a case. Another desirable feature is that flexible substrate 1 electrically and mechanically isolates the conductive traces of image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 because they are sandwiched between flexible substrate 1 and rigid substrate 5. This provides a high degree of immunity from static discharge and mechanical abrasion.

A fingerprint sensing module 22 in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a sensing section of flexible substrate 1, including image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8, is not attached to rigid substrate 5. The sensing section of flexible substrate 1 can be attached to or formed directly to the surface of a mounting case or other structure, while another section of flexible substrate 1 can be affixed to rigid substrate 5. Rigid substrate 5 can be mounted on an internal surface or circuit board that provides mechanical support and electrical interconnection. In this embodiment, sensor subassembly 21 is larger than rigid substrate 5. The interconnect pads 3 on flexible substrate 1 may be attached to interconnect pads 4 on rigid substrate 5 using a conductive adhesive process as described above. The embodiment of FIG. 3 provides the ability to contour the sensing section of sensor subassembly 21 to a product surface or other device and/or to utilize sensor module 22 in space-constrained applications.

A fingerprint sensing module 23 in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, sensor subassembly 21 is wrapped around rigid substrate 5, which functions as a mechanical and electrical platform for the sensing module. As described above, sensor subassembly 21 can be attached to rigid substrate 5 using an adhesive 18. Interconnect pads 3 on flexible substrate 1 can be attached to mating interconnect pads 4 on rigid substrate 5 using a conductive adhesive as described above. Electrical components 9, optionally including a connector, are mounted on the bottom side of rigid substrate 5.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 provides the benefits of the previous embodiments in a package with reduced size and cost. This embodiment provides increased physical protection of sensor integrated circuit 2, since it is located in cutout 6 on a bottom surface of rigid substrate 5. A further benefit is realized by the image sensor 7 being in closer proximity to the edge of the package, which allows the image sensor 7 to be placed at the edge of a case or other enclosure, making it easier for the user to maintain uniform contact with the sensor surface during the swiping motion. A similar improvement may be achieved by placing a well or step in the case or other enclosure near image sensor 7.

A fingerprint sensing module 24 in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 5A. In the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 5A, sensor subassembly 21 and rigid substrate 5 are mounted to a separate structural base 30. Base 30 provides a curved surface around which sensor subassembly 21 is wrapped. The base 30 is configured to receive rigid substrate 5. In this embodiment, circuit components 9 are mounted on the upper surface of rigid substrate 5. Electrical connections between interconnect pads 3 on flexible substrate 1 and interconnect pads 4 on rigid substrate 5 are made as discussed above. Sensor subassembly 21 is attached to base 30 by aligning holes in flexible substrate 1 with mounting features 12, such as pins or mounting holes, which are molded or otherwise formed in base 30. In other embodiments, sensor subassembly 21 may be attached to base 30 with an adhesive. Rigid substrate 5 may snap into the underside of base 30. Mounting features 17 may be provided to facilitate incorporation of the sensing module 24 into a case or system. Base 30 may be made of a plastic material. In some embodiments, base 30 may be a translucent material, and one or more light sources, such as LEDs, may be mounted on rigid substrate 5 to create a backlit module.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 5A includes a direct contact connector 11 that connects fingerprint sensing module 24 to its host. This process cannot be performed with standard thermal reflow or thermoset technologies; because the module has thermal limits imposed by the previously thermally cured COF and ACF connections. Module 24 may be connected to the host system using a compressible connector technology, such as a conductive elastomer strip.

FIGS. 6 and 6A show a fifth embodiment of the invention where rigid substrate 5 is extended to protrude out of base 30 to facilitate connection to the host system. The connection to the host system may be implemented, for example, as metallized connector pads 32, a separate connector mounted on rigid substrate 5 or as holes in rigid substrate 5 for connection of individual wires. A fingerprint sensing module 25 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 6A.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 5, 5A, 6 and 6A, sensor integrated circuit 2 is protected from static discharge and mechanical damage, because integrated circuit 2 is fully enclosed in cutout 6 formed between flexible substrate 1, rigid substrate 5 and base 30. The image sensor 7 and the velocity sensor 8 are protected from mechanical wear and abrasion because they are sandwiched between flexible substrate 1 and base 30. The circuit components 9 are mechanically and electrically protected because they are sandwiched between base 30 and rigid substrate 5. The curvature of base 30 can be designed to provide an optimal surface to facilitate uniform finger contact as the user swipes his/her finger across image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8.

A fingerprint sensing module 26 in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 7. Sensor integrated circuit 2 is mounted on the top side of a substrate 35, which can be flexible or rigid. Sensor integrated circuit 2 is attached to substrate 35, either by a direct bond wire-to-board method or by flip chip reflow bonding as discussed above. Circuit components 9 can be mounted on substrate 35 or located in the host system. The conductive traces of image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 are etched or otherwise formed on the top side of substrate 35 and on the same side as sensor integrated circuit 2. A protective coating 19 is applied to the top side of substrate 35 over image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 for electrical isolation and mechanical protection from abrasive forces.

The fingerprint sensing module of FIG. 7 has only a single substrate with fewer assembly steps and therefore potentially lower cost. The coating 19 seen by the user may be pigmented. The surface finish of coating 19 can be modified to improve swipe ergonomics. A connector 36 provides connection of the fingerprint sensing module to the host system.

A fingerprint sensing module 27 in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 8 and 8A. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 8A, velocity sensor 8 is formed on a flexible substrate 40. Image sensor 7 and interconnect pads 3 are etched or otherwise formed on flexible substrate 1, and sensor integrated circuit 2 is mounted on flexible substrate 1. Flexible substrates 1 and 40 are mounted on base 30 so that image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8 are facing base 30 and are substantially coplanar. Rigid substrate 5 is mounted to an underside of base 30 opposite flexible substrate 40. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 8 a, a portion of flexible substrate 1 extends into a slot 33 in base 30 and is connected to rigid substrate 5. Interconnect pads 3 of flexible substrate 1 are attached to interconnect pads 4 of rigid substrate 5 as described above. The velocity sensor 8 on flexible substrate 40 can be connected to rigid substrate 5 or to flexible substrate 1 by a flexible tab. For connection to rigid substrate 5, the flexible tab may extend through slot 33. Rigid substrate 5 has electrical interconnects etched or otherwise formed on both sides and vias interconnecting different layers. Interconnect density can be increased by adding internal interconnect layers to rigid substrate 5. Electrical components 9 are mounted on the top surface of rigid substrate 5. Rigid substrate 5 may be provided with an edge connector 11. Cutout 6 may be formed on the bottom of rigid substrate 5 to accommodate sensor integrated circuit 2.

Flexible substrate 1 is electrically and mechanically connected by interconnect pads 3 to interconnect pads 4 of rigid substrate 5 as described above and is secured to base 30 by holding pins 12 or an adhesive.

A protective coating may be deposited or a protective film may be affixed to the top surface of module 27, covering flexible substrate 40, flexible substrate 1 and slot 33 so as to electrically and mechanically isolate image sensor 7 and velocity sensor 8. In the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 8 a, the length and cost of flexible substrate 1 are reduced in comparison with other embodiments in which velocity sensor 8 is formed on flexible substrate 1.

Having thus described several aspects of at least one embodiment of this invention, it is to be appreciated that various alterations, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part of this disclosure, and are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description and drawings are by way of example only. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A fingerprint sensing module, comprising: a sensor substrate having a circuit side; an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the sensor substrate, the conductive traces comprising: at least one image pickup plate, and at last one image drive plate in spaced relation to the at least one image pickup plate to define at least one sensor gap between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate, wherein ridge peaks and ridge valleys of a fingerprint over the at least one sensor gap produce a change in capacitance between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate; and a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the circuit side of the sensor substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor.
 2. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, further comprising: a velocity sensor, wherein the velocity sensor is electrically connected to the sensor circuit.
 3. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, wherein the sensor substrate comprises a flexible film.
 4. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 3, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is affixed to the sensor substrate by a chip-on-film process.
 5. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, further comprising: a rigid substrate, wherein the sensor substrate is affixed to a first surface of the rigid substrate.
 6. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein the circuit side of the sensor substrate is affixed to the first surface of the rigid substrate with an adhesive.
 7. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein a first section of the sensor substrate is affixed to the first surface of the rigid substrate with an adhesive and a second section of the sensor substrate is attachable to another device.
 8. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein the rigid substrate includes a cutout for receiving the at least one integrated circuit.
 9. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, further comprising: one or more circuit components mounted on a second surface of the rigid substrate, wherein the one or more circuit components are connected to the sensor circuit.
 10. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein the sensor substrate and the rigid substrate are electrically connected by conductive adhesive between conductive interconnect pads on the sensor substrate and the rigid substrate.
 11. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein the sensor substrate has a larger area than the rigid substrate.
 12. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, wherein the sensor substrate is affixed to at least two surfaces of the rigid substrate.
 13. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 5, further comprising: a base for mounting of the sensor substrate and the rigid substrate.
 14. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 13, wherein the base has a curved surface for mounting of the sensor substrate.
 15. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is attached to the sensor substrate by a flip chip bonding.
 16. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, wherein the sensor substrate comprises a rigid substrate.
 17. The fingerprint sensing module as defined in claim 1, wherein the at least one image pickup plate and the at least one image image drive plate are substantially coplanar.
 18. A fingerprint sensing module, comprising: a flexible substrate; an image sensor including conductive traces on the flexible substrate, the conductive traces comprising: at least one image pickup plate, and at least one image drive plate in spaced relation to the at least one image pickup plate to define at least one sensor gap between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate, wherein ridge peaks and ridge valleys of a fingerprint over the at least one sensor gap produce a change in capacitance between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate; a base, wherein the flexible substrate is wrapped around the base; and a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit mounted on the flexible substrate and electrically connected to the image sensor.
 19. The fingerprint sensign module of claim 18, wherein the base is positioned between the image sensor and the at least one integrated circuit.
 20. A method for making a fingerprint sensing module, the method comprising: providing a sensor substrate having a circuit side; forming an image sensor including conductive traces on the circuit side of the sensor substrate, the conductive traces comprising: at least one image pickup plate, and at least one image drive plate in spaced relation to the at least one image pickup plate to define at least one sensor gap between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate, wherein ridge peaks and ridge valleys of the fingerprint over the at least one sensor gap produce a change in capacitance between the at least one image drive plate and the at least one image pickup plate; and mounting a sensor circuit including at least one integrated circuit on the circuit side of the sensor substrate. 